Buzz Marketing

Buzz Marketing is a type of word-of-mouth marketing. Word-of-mouth marketing is when businesses, products, services, or events are promoted in written or oral form via happy customers who tell others about their positive experience. Word-of-mouth marketing is considered to be a more credible source of advertising because the recipient is hearing the information from someone who is not perceived to be out for a profit. Furthermore, the person making the recommendation has their reputation on the line for making the suggestion. Consumers are more likely to trust someone that they know and like than they are to trust media that has selfish interests. When specifically talking about buzz marketing, as opposed to the more broad word-of-mouth marketing, it is described as an interaction of consumers and customers (users) of a product, service, business, or event, that increases the strength of the marketing message. This can create excitement, anticipation, positive association, etc, which is called â€Å"buzz†. The buzz is both the marketing by the company and the reaction by the customers and potential customers. Some examples of successful buzz marketing campaigns would be the hype surrounding the Ford Fiesta cars, Harry Potter movies, Twilight movies, Dexter television series, Volkswagen’s new beattle cars, the Blair Witch Project movies, and the beanie babies bean stuffed animals. For the Ford Fiesta cars, Ford gave 100 consumers a Ford Fiesta car to drive for 6 months. They were asked to complete different missions every month including delivering Meals on Wheels, taking treats to the National Guard, wrestling alligators, going to elope, etc. The participants then started sharing their adventures on social media sites such as YouTube, Flickr, Facebook, Twitter, Ustream, etc. This experiment was an enormous success. Ford got 6 and a half million views on YouTube and 50,000 information requests. Most of the requests came from non-Ford owners. Ford spent a very small amount of money on this campaign compared to how much a typical TV campaign would have cost. The beanie babies were another good buzz marketing campaign. People became crazed with collecting the stuffed animals because Ty Warner Inc. (the creator) created a false sense of scarcity. They purposely â€Å"retired† certain animals to make them valuable. They also would not sell them in large toy stores. They made people think that they were scarce and that they would be valuable into the future. Kids were going crazy making their parents buy them. Even many adults became beanie baby collectors. Ty didn’t even have to do traditional advertising. They were able to rely on word-of-mouth. They even tried to keep new animal releases secretive and wanted to not advertise so that people would think that they were â€Å"underground†. Ty Warner did such an incredible job of buzz marketing that he was able to make himself a billionaire just off of selling stuffed toys. Ty created an empire worth $6 billion dollars. He did this during the 1990’s. This was before social media had started. It is likely that if this was done today that social media would have helped him to make a lot more money. The Blair Witch Project movie ended up being very successful due to buzz marketing as well. People who went to see the movie thought that they were going to see a documentary about a true story. When moviegoers were viewing the movie they were genuinely scarred because they thought it was real. Obviously successful buzz marketing is much cheaper and more effective than traditional advertising. It can be done for as little as no money. But its effect can be massive. It can also backfire. It is impossible to know for sure how consumers will run with your initial buzz marketing idea. You can create a story and a buzz, but there is no way to know for sure that consumers will turn that into a positive buzz or that it won’t just fizzle out quickly. In order to attempt to create a buzz you need to start a compelling story. This story needs to have elements such as taboo, unusual, outrageous, salacious, interesting, secretive remarkable and/or hilarious. This story then needs to create a conversation. The conversation needs to engage consumers and make them keep the story alive. The bottom line in buzz marketing is that it can be very effective. A company with an unlimited advertising budget has the option of reaching every single consumer in America. But that only amounts to 300 million impressions. An impression does not necessarily lead to a sale. A successful buzz marketing campaign does much more than have impressions, it gets peoples’ interest. A sensational story makes a potentially boring product a compelling item that consumers want to buy. Buzz Marketing Buzz Marketing is a type of word-of-mouth marketing. Word-of-mouth marketing is when businesses, products, services, or events are promoted in written or oral form via happy customers who tell others about their positive experience. Word-of-mouth marketing is considered to be a more credible source of advertising because the recipient is hearing the information from someone who is not perceived to be out for a profit. Furthermore, the person making the recommendation has their reputation on the line for making the suggestion. Consumers are more likely to trust someone that they know and like than they are to trust media that has selfish interests. When specifically talking about buzz marketing, as opposed to the more broad word-of-mouth marketing, it is described as an interaction of consumers and customers (users) of a product, service, business, or event, that increases the strength of the marketing message. This can create excitement, anticipation, positive association, etc, which is called â€Å"buzz†. The buzz is both the marketing by the company and the reaction by the customers and potential customers. Some examples of successful buzz marketing campaigns would be the hype surrounding the Ford Fiesta cars, Harry Potter movies, Twilight movies, Dexter television series, Volkswagen’s new beattle cars, the Blair Witch Project movies, and the beanie babies bean stuffed animals. For the Ford Fiesta cars, Ford gave 100 consumers a Ford Fiesta car to drive for 6 months. They were asked to complete different missions every month including delivering Meals on Wheels, taking treats to the National Guard, wrestling alligators, going to elope, etc. The participants then started sharing their adventures on social media sites such as YouTube, Flickr, Facebook, Twitter, Ustream, etc. This experiment was an enormous success. Ford got 6 and a half million views on YouTube and 50,000 information requests. Most of the requests came from non-Ford owners. Ford spent a very small amount of money on this campaign compared to how much a typical TV campaign would have cost. The beanie babies were another good buzz marketing campaign. People became crazed with collecting the stuffed animals because Ty Warner Inc. (the creator) created a false sense of scarcity. They purposely â€Å"retired† certain animals to make them valuable. They also would not sell them in large toy stores. They made people think that they were scarce and that they would be valuable into the future. Kids were going crazy making their parents buy them. Even many adults became beanie baby collectors. Ty didn’t even have to do traditional advertising. They were able to rely on word-of-mouth. They even tried to keep new animal releases secretive and wanted to not advertise so that people would think that they were â€Å"underground†. Ty Warner did such an incredible job of buzz marketing that he was able to make himself a billionaire just off of selling stuffed toys. Ty created an empire worth $6 billion dollars. He did this during the 1990’s. This was before social media had started. It is likely that if this was done today that social media would have helped him to make a lot more money. The Blair Witch Project movie ended up being very successful due to buzz marketing as well. People who went to see the movie thought that they were going to see a documentary about a true story. When moviegoers were viewing the movie they were genuinely scarred because they thought it was real. Obviously successful buzz marketing is much cheaper and more effective than traditional advertising. It can be done for as little as no money. But its effect can be massive. It can also backfire. It is impossible to know for sure how consumers will run with your initial buzz marketing idea. You can create a story and a buzz, but there is no way to know for sure that consumers will turn that into a positive buzz or that it won’t just fizzle out quickly. In order to attempt to create a buzz you need to start a compelling story. This story needs to have elements such as taboo, unusual, outrageous, salacious, interesting, secretive remarkable and/or hilarious. This story then needs to create a conversation. The conversation needs to engage consumers and make them keep the story alive. The bottom line in buzz marketing is that it can be very effective. A company with an unlimited advertising budget has the option of reaching every single consumer in America. But that only amounts to 300 million impressions. An impression does not necessarily lead to a sale. A successful buzz marketing campaign does much more than have impressions, it gets peoples’ interest. A sensational story makes a potentially boring product a compelling item that consumers want to buy.

Birmingham as the second largest city in England

A hypothesis is a theory or idea, which is then examined and tested. Sometimes you will agree with it, and sometimes you will disagree with it. Quality of life is what makes a persons life better or easier. Different people have different needs and so what makes their quality of life better is also different. I am a teenager and my needs are very different to my grandmothers for example. I would prefer to live in the Inner City Zone or Inner Suburb Zone. This is because I would have easy access to shops, restaurants, clubs, cinemas, heath clubs and other amenities that young people prefer. Living in the CBD would not be appropriate for me however as there tends to be fewer parks and open spaces. I do not want to have to travel for hours to get to and from school every day, so a good local school would help improve my quality of life immensely. My grandmother is 69. She has a quieter life than me and only goes into the city centre when is most necessary. For the majority of things like food, daily paper and toiletries she can shop at her local independent shops. The makes her quality of life better. Low crime rate also improves her quality of life as she is more venerable than me. However because of her physical condition a large garden is not very practical as she could not be able to look after it. She does love being outside however and so to improve her quality of life she would need parks and public open areas near to her. She would also prefer quieter neighbours and few incidents of graffiti and vandalism. Her breathing is not ‘what it was' due to smoking for many years and so low pollutions levels would help her general health levels too. Because she lives on her own, it would not be very easy for her to get someone to come and repair walls or roofs, so good housing conditions would also be a necessity. My grandmother is also quite religious and likes to attend church every weeks or so, so for her it would be very important that there was a church very close by, or on a major bus route, as she would not be able to afford a taxi every week. As she lives alone, it would also be good for her if her family and friends lived near buy too. She could catch a bus to get there, but not of a great distance as it would be inconvenient for her because of medical conditions. You can read also Classifications of Restaurants There are some factors that would improve both hers and my quality of life however. For example, good public transport. This would benefit both of us as neither has a car or licence. For this reason also, being near to a hospital, doctor or dentist would improve the quality of both our lives. CBD stands for Central Business District. This area is in the centre of towns and is usually one of the oldest parts. There tends to be Victorian buildings which may have been modernised as well as modern buildings. The main land use tends to be commercial, with lots of shops, banks and restaurants. In some CBDs as a result of new developments there are sometimes new houses or apartments. The general sky-line tends to be higher towards the CBD as there are generally more high-rise buildings as land is more expensive. Moving away from the CBD, the next major zone is the Inner City. This zone is just outside the CBD, and old industry. In the last century factories have been built but the majority of these factories have been closed down as industry moved away from the CBD. The small terraced houses that were originally built for the factory workers are, in most cities and Birmingham still there. At this time however, land was expensive and so gardens and houses were small. Some of these houses have been knocked down and made into apartments or high-rise flats. This has helped encourage business workers to move to the CBS. The majority of these workers have large amounts of money, no children and that enjoy a good night life! This has encouraged bars, restaurants and clubs to open in the centre of most major cities. However it has also encouraged drug use and high crime rates. Moving outward from the CBD, the next zone is the Inner City. In the last century this land would also be used for factory building, however with modernisation, of these cities, industry has moved away and the old buildings converted. The majority of land is used as residential and most houses are terraced. Like the CBD, land was, and is, quite expensive in these areas and so most of the houses and gardens were small. The next major zone is the Inner Suburbs. This land is almost all residential. The majority of houses built here are from the 1920s and 1930s. The houses tend to be bigger as there is more land, and so it is cheaper to build on it. The general crime rate tends to be lower in these areas. These qualities attract families and so there also tends to be a lot more primary and secondary schools. After this zone, the next is the Outer Suburbs. The main land use is residential and there tends to be more large modern houses. Councils have also bought this land and many council estates are built here too. Because of the distance from these areas to the CBD, land is cheaper here. Recently small modern industries and large shops have developed here. Birmingham is the second largest city in England. It has a population of 965,928 in city and 2,555,596 in the West Midlands. Despite its' current size, Birmingham grew late in relation to other British cities and was a market town right up until the Industrial Revolution. At this time, luminaries such as Matthew Bolton ; James Watt (inventors of the steam engine), William Murdock (inventor of gas lighting) and Joseph Priestley (who discovered oxygen) put Birmingham on the map. A massive system of canals was built to cope with the influx of traffic, so that Birmingham now has a more extensive canal network than Venice. World War II saw heavy damage inflicted upon the city, and an equally brutal reconstruction program that earned Birmingham's inner ring road the nickname ‘the concrete collar'. However, Birmingham's relationship with the car goes deeper than this; it saw the building of the first four-wheeled petrol driven car by F W Lancaster in 1895, and now acts as the UK's motor-manufacturing hub (earning it the nickname Brum). Birmingham has since been reborn as a business and conference centre, and is busy rebuilding itself into the sub-capital it always should have been. Burgess model In 1925, E.W. Burgess presented an urban land use model, which divided cities in a set of concentric circles expanding from the CBD to the suburbs. This representation was built from Burgess's observations of a number of American cities, particularly Chicago. According to this model, a large city is divided in concentric zones with a tendency of each inner zone to expand in the other zone. Urban growth is there for a process of expansion of land uses. For this study I am going to be following a transect along the Alcester Road, A435. This road is an A type road and runs from the centre of town to the outskirts in a southern direction. Because of the size pf Birmingham, if the hypotenuse is correct it will most likely apply to the majority of large towns and cities in England. My chosen areas of study are: * Balsall Heath * Kings Heath * Alcester Lanes End * Druids Heath Balsall Heath Balsall Heath is situated in the Inner city zone of Birmingham. From the centre of the CBD it is 2.75 kilometres. It has been calculated that 4,000 people out of Balsall Heath's population of 12,000 regularly participate in a caring activity designed to improve the quality of life of the neighbourhood. Kings Heath Kings Heath is in the Inner suburb zone of Birmingham. From the centre of the CBD, Kings Heath is 5.5kilometres. According to the 2001 Population Census there were 24,273 people resident in Kings Heath. Alcester Lanes End Alcester Lanes End is situated in the Outer suburb zone of Birmingham. From the CBD, Alcester Lances End is 6.25 kilometres. Druids Heath Druids Heath is an area situated on an Outer City Council Estate. From the CBD, Druids Heath is 8 kilometres away. This is the area furthest away form the CBD that I will be studying.

Designing a Reward System Essay

A good manager or superior will implement a reward system. Employee reward systems are used to assist and help motivate the employees, with the goal not to just meet expectations, but to surpass them performing at their best capabilities. The reward system that goes into place should include all benefits monetary and non-monetary that proves to be worth something valuable to the employee. Implementing a reward system for a human service organization will make sure that basic needs are met, benefits are equally distributed, competitive benefits are offered, and employees are treated as individuals. I will include intrinsic and extrinsic rewards in my system. When you have a suitable reward system in place it will ensure that an organizations investment in its employees is managed effectively. Organizations that do not match or are not as productive as their competitors will have problems attracting and keeping the most valuable workers. I will do everything I can within my organization to keep my employees happy to uphold a respectable working environment to reach our goals. Obviously, taking care of our clients by providing them the greatest possible service is our number one goal. Acknowledgment and gratitude are very important constituents of a successful reward system. Reward systems have a significant result on the quality of life of the employees working within the organization. Recognition means to identify and show appreciation for someone’s detailed accomplishment. Having gratitude and displaying appreciation to an employee for their work goes a long way when concerning the performance of an employee. Several employees need to know that they are appreciated and their hard work will not go ignored. I believe several employees would work even harder for their employer if they know that their hard work will be appreciated, and they get rewarded for it. The procedures of determining what aspects of the work should be monitored and rewarded are monitoring, planning, developing, rewarding, and rating. To have an operative organization, the essential work should be planned out in advance. Setting goals and expectations to meet the organization’s goals, is a part of the planning technique. I will include the employees in the planning process so they can comprehend what will to be expected from them within the organization. I will screen projects and assignments so I will recognize what areas will require improvement. I will give regular feedback on the employees’ progress as well as their performance. I have confidence that by providing feedback will assist employees in predetermined standards while directing them away from problematic standards. Observing and staying on top of employees’ performance will help keep unacceptable performance limited. I will increase employees’ skills within the organization by providing them with workshops and seminars to enhance their knowledge. I will ensure basic needs are met by determining the cost of living for my employees. I will make sure that the salary my employees make can meet these basic needs, such as food, shelter, and clothes. Having job security is also a need; the employee should feel a sense of security within the workplace, knowing that their presence is a vital asset to the organization. Competitive benefits will be offered such as vacation packages, bonuses, sick leave, holiday pay, insurance packages, and even retirement. Having these benefits will push the employees to work at their fullest potential, and work even harder to show their manager or superior that they are a valuable asset to the organization, and that they have the capability to advance. The nine factors would should implement are respect for me as a person, large amount of freedom on the job, being told by the boss when I do a good job, opportunity for self-development and improvement, opportunity to do interesting work, feeling my job is important, chance for promotion, good pay, and chance to turn out quality work. All the factors mentioned are necessary to be implemented into the reward system. In order to get respect you must give it, as a manager if you give respect to your employees it will make them give it in return making them see how valuable they are, and making them work even harder. Having a large amount of freedom will ensure the employee opportunity for self-development and improvement. Pay attention and listen to the ideas of the employees, and this is because they are those that usually work the closet with the client one on one. When the boss expresses that an employee is doing a good job, it will boost the employee to be more confident and allow them to excel in their position, this will also happen when good pay is involved. In order to accomplish good pay, raises should be considered during certain times of the year based on the employee’s performance, and a review should be in place as well. It is important to give employees the chance to produce quality work. Give the employee a chance instead of setting them up for disappointment. It would not be such a good idea to elect a mission for an employee that you know would be beyond possible for them to complete successfully. This could make the employee feel inadequate. Contemplate advancements; everyone should have a chance to prove their capabilities allowing them to move up the ladder at some point. The bottom line is that implemented these factors into the reward system it will enhance your employees to work harder and maintain a happy, healthy working environment. Ultimately, designing a reward system will give everyone in the organization benefits. The manager and superior will be happy and less stressed. The employees will be happy and grateful that they have incentives, benefit packages, and manager who value them as an employee. In the end, the clients who are the most important in the human service organization will also be content knowing that their case worker is dedicated to their job. After all that is why we have this career in the first place.

EZL 124 Supporting children's learning in the early years Essay

EZL 124 Supporting children's learning in the early years - Essay Example Over time, I progressed to Nursery nurse, with a wide range of roles and responsibilities attached to my job. The thorough training I underwent taught me the importance of play; holistic approach to early years learning and safety of the children; evaluation of my work and identification of my weakness through deep reflection on my practice and the promotion of diversity, equality and inclusion of all children regardless of their abilities and cultural backgrounds. The centre helps and supports children, their families and staff when appropriate. I realized it was one of my passions to support and help children with special/ additional needs. The centre works with other agencies and professionals in supporting children’s positive development and promoting their welfare. It adheres to the policies set by the Every Child Matters, 14 national standards, Early Years Foundation Stage Curriculum and all other relevant policies and regulations. Personally, in my practice, I promote equal opportunity, inclusion , planning for children’s needs and interests, working with parents and being a positive role model to our students and volunteers as well as to less experienced staff. In doing so, I uphold the high standards of the centre and become one in its consistent provision of quality care. The five areas of Every Child Matters namely: Staying Safe; Being Healthy; Enjoying and Achieving; Making a Positive Contribution; and Achieving Economic Well-Being are all goals that the centre attempts to meet on a daily basis. Working with a team of colleagues hones my skills in interpersonal relations, planning for the children, and sharing and gaining knowledge about each child’s needs and children’s development in general. Parent relations are likewise maintained effectively as I keep the lines of communication open for them regarding their children. Networking with various professionals from different agencies involved with

Forensic Evidence Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Forensic Evidence - Case Study Example According to Mr. and Mrs. Anderson, Caroline is a college student at the State University of New York and has a part-time clerical job at the university. They do not have the resources to locate their missing daughter, personally; hence, they are seeking the help of NYPD. Interview is the very basic thing to do in this case. Talking to Caroline's family, relatives, boyfriend, friends, flatmates, workmates and schoolmates will help us truly determine her background and what transpired before she disappeared. Among the questions to be answered are: What is her everyday routine Have they noticed anything awkward in her actuations in the past few days What are her affiliations Who are the persons she has been going out lately Is there a reason for her to run away Is it the first time for her to run away, go somewhere without telling her parents or anyone close to her If so, what was her reason for running away before Has she quarreled with anyone lately Has she confided about noticing something suspicious Apart from the interview with relatives, friends and contacts, Caroline Anderson's photograph is one of the basic evidences. How can investigators find a missing person without having an idea of how the person looks like However, the photograph handed over by Caroline's family should not be solely relied on. It has to be uploaded to a computer to see how a person looks in different angles, different hairstyles or colors. Check Telephone Records Today, almost everybody has their own mobile phone for easy communication access. Hence, it is a must to check on the telephone company if Caroline has made any calls, local or long distance, prior to her disappearance (Galloway, 1997). Or she may have made a call at the time when she's reported missing. The people whom she called and the telephone record itself can provide a lead on her whereabouts. A number of cases have been solved from a lead taken at a telephone record. Multi-awarded investigator, Gil Alba, solved a case of a missing person by taking off from a lead on telephone record; Alba Investigations and the family of the missing person had a clue from the cellphone that this person is somewhere in Canada (Gassler, 2003). Revisit the path If Caroline Anderson disappeared after calling on her parents at New Jersey, the investigators must revisit the path she took while paying attention to every detail along the way. Coordination with the state's Police Department will also help. This will enable the investigator to check whether an unusual incident occurred during the time and day when Caroline Anderson is supposed to be traveling back to New York. If an unidentified female body was found nearby, the investigator can check on this. Hospitals and funeral parlors are worth checking as well. The family might believe that Caroline is still alive or just went somewhere, but investigators must be very objective. Visit Caroline's place Apart from her route, Caroline's flat, workplace and school also need to be revisited for some clue on her whereabout

Social Networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Networking - Essay Example This new dimension is called social networking and is built on friend-based web sites. In the opinion of Magsino 2009, p.29 â€Å"social networking tools enable individuals and groups to engage in social networking by monitoring and interacting within their networks. (1). In the last few years there has been a rapid expansion in the number of social networks. In 2010 there were more than 400 million people on the Facebook a social network. Though social networking is possible between all kinds of people with common interests, the usual norm is to find that in social networks people tend to remain within their own language groups and the social networks have become extremely popular with the younger generation including young adults. Social networking through friend-based websites has both merits and demerits. Merits and Demerits of Social Networking through Friend-Based Websites Social networking sites can be classified into sites that provide space to build a special niche for indi viduals with common interests and passions to share a single platform. Friendster and MySpace are two such friend-based websites. Other social networking websites like Twitter or LinkedIn have a more profession based orientation about them. Friend-based websites can be viewed as virtual meeting that allows individuals to chill out and meet friends.

Project management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Project management - Case Study Example Utilisation Utilization = Actual output/ Design capacity In this case the actual output is 12,000kg and designed capacity of 20,000kg. Utilization will be; 12,000/20,000*100%= 60%. 60% utilization determine the effective capacity since if the plant is not turned on, then the effective capacity is zero. Ultimately, the dry cleaner designs will have some redundancies which lead to simple de-bottlenecking "adding" to capacity.   v. Efficiency Efficiency is the actual output as determined through a percent of effective capacity. Hence, it is given as; actual output / effective capacity. In this case study, efficiency will be; (12,000/16,000) * 100% = 75%. (b) Managing Actual Output, Utilisation and Efficiency of the resources available The concern in the dry cleaning business is more on productivity that relates to competitiveness. The business will not be able to earn greater profit or charge a lower price. There is need for the business to increase its efficiency from 75% to over 80% to boost operational efficiency whenever probable. Utilization as well is at 60% which is low. The solutions to increasing utilization is through keeping the dry cleaning equipment in proper operational conditions, correcting quality problems, reducing bottlenecks and training of employees (Krajewski & Ritzman 2005). In order to increase the actual output, the company must use a benchmarking method which measures capacity from choice of one not requiring adjustment or constant updates. The dry cleaning company can benchmark the existing operational efficiency against other efficient dry cleaners in the locality whether in emerging or mature markets. The next step is to evaluate the efficiency of work process to point out areas requiring improvement. Finally, the company can develop solutions meant to increase performance in these areas. This can include checking the speed of receipt of garments, sorting, cleaning, drying and packaging of cleaned clothes. Increasing the hours worked for each employee is one input which should be increased to over 70% but by not increasing the number of employees to run the dry cleaning business (Krajewski & Ritzman 2005). The gains or losses must be tracked and performance standards established. The company should also create worksheets capturing weekly, monthly and yearly data. Question 2 Devise and implement a brief project management plan to include; a) Scope Management Scope management ensures clarity of project guidelines drawn from the triple constraints such as cost, quality and time or schedule. For instance, a construction project synchronises the triple constraints to drive stakeholders’ perceptions of the success of the project. The scope of the project plan is monitored for probable changes if the scope of the project changes (Carly 2004). Agreeing on the scope ensures minimal rework which commits extra resources, time and cost overruns. In the case of the construction project, the prefabs will take 45 days to complete 4 houses. The expected project cost will be $4500. This project is anticipated to be made of cedar, cemented floor and Gall sheet roofing. The project will involve a sufficient amount of work, only necessary work is carried out and work completed contributes to success of the construction project. The project will use existing technology since it is conventional (Thieraus et al 2009). The scope is clearly defined and the design

Propaganda Poster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Propaganda Poster - Essay Example The poster â€Å"The Greatest Mother in the World† is aimed at raising funds. The central image depicted on the paper is a woman dressed in the gown of the Red Cross nurse. She points at people depicted in the right corner. There is also a significant object which is located beside the woman: the red cross. At the bottom of the poster there is a red line and inscription in big white letters â€Å"WAR FUND 1943†. At the top of the page there is the following inscription â€Å"The Greatest Mother in the World†. There are also smaller objects which, nevertheless, should be regarded as important details. For instance, there are several aircrafts above the people. It goes without saying that every detail, every object depicted and even the choice of color should be regarded as meaningful points since they help to convey certain idea or ideas. In the first place, it is necessary to point out that white and light blue colors prevail. These colors convey the idea of hope and good. People depicted at the bottom of the picture are rendered in dark colors. These are ordinary people who seek for help since they are in constant danger. The use of red color is used to achieve several goals. First, the Red Cross is a symbol of an institution which helps people in need. On the other hand, red color attracts people’s attention, and the most important information is depicted in the red line. People see that the poster â€Å"advertises† certain campaign held to raise funds for the Red Cross or, more generally, for those in need. As far as the central image is concerned it is necessary to note that the woman can be regarded as the personification of appeal and compassion. The woman’s facial expressions leaves no doubt that she needs help of each viewer. Interestingly, the woman is beautiful and she has make-up on her face. McEuen (2011) pays much attention to female appearance in the posters and claims that American posters revealed women who could not only take care about others but could be active enough to take care of themselves. The woman points out at the people who are waiting for help. Her posture is very informative as well, she is leaning and this also enhances the idea of appeal. People at the bottom of the poster are not depicted in detail. This is rather a crowd. They hardly have faces because the poster’s designer stresses that there are many people in need. This impersonal depiction of people enhances the idea of quality: there too many people, so only the entire nation can help all those who suffer from the war. As far as the Red Cross is concerned it is depicted to inform people of the way their help will reach those in need. Thus, those who donate can understand that they assist the Red Cross, internationally acknowledged institution. Admittedly, the designer of the poster uses all these visual tools to persuade people to donate in order to help unfortunate people. For instance, the woman dep icted is a kind of an angel who comes from heaven to help people, but still asks for help since there is too much evil. Another informative image does not attract so much of attention, but it creates the necessary atmosphere. Thus, the aircrafts depicted convey the idea of threat over people exposed to the horrors of war. It is necessary to point out that such symbolism is very appealing and the poster reaches its major aims. Sometimes propaganda posters

Finance and accounts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Finance and accounts - Essay Example Stock markets are very volatile and investors need to learn through various important concepts before proceeding to invest their money to ensure satisfactory returns.Many at times there may be possibilities that investors suffer on the back drop of decreased prices after they invest. These situations should at least be reduced if they cannot be reduced as a whole. The process of loss reduction involves a complex understanding about the following terminologies:1.CAPM and Arbitrage Pricing Theory 2.Efficient markets hypothesis and Pecking order theory 3.Modigilani and Miller approach and Residual theory 4.Symbolic interactionism, ethnography and phenomenology 5.Conceptual framework of accounting and 6.Conceptual framework of management accounting.These abovementioned theories explain the basics of share trading and knowledge of them is a must to avoid risk in the stock market. 1.CAPM and Arbitrage Pricing TheoryCapital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): It was developed to predict the future value of shares based on the previous trends in market equilibrium. It establishes the underlying relationship between the returns expected in the light of unavoidable risk. Any investment can be classified into risk free or portfolio categories. It analyzes the return which a portfolio is expected to deliver in the form of a characteristic line which comprises of three primary measures – the alpha (ÃŽ ±), Beta (ÃŽ ²) and unavoidable risk. ÃŽ ± is the simple intercept of the line and is bound to be zero and any value below that would avert the investor to participate in that particular stock. Unavoidable risk is the risk relating to a particular stock or industry which can be avoided or reduced comprehensively in a portfolio. Hence, the main determinant of the stock price is the ? which defines the sensitivity of a stock in relation to market changes. If it is more than 1, the stock is supposed to be more volatile than the market and vice versa. The formula for evaluating ? i s: Rj = Rf + (Rm-Rf)?j where Rj refers to the return expected of the security, Rm is the market return and Rf is the risk free return (treasury bond interest rate). ? is the unavoidable risk. The values of ? for many active stocks can be obtained through data published by various financial concerns. Thus, the expected return can be calculated. The same ? can also be interpreted as the discounted rate of the dividends to ascertain the value of the stock and thus by equating both the values, one can conclude whether a particular stock is over or undervalued. The underlying assumptions are: 1. Existence of efficient capital markets 2. Zero costs for transactions 3. No restrictions 4. Investors cannot influence the markets 5. Non-incurrence of taxes Specific situation: Let us evaluate a situation comprising of 7% Treasury bill rate and portfolio market returns of 12% to estimate the share value of pro-fli Corporation which contains a ? of 1.3. According to the formula, the share value w ould be: .07+(.12-.07) *1.3 which gives a result of 13.5%. This shows that when ? is more, the returns tend to be more rewarding. In the same case, if ? is estimated to

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 164

Assignment Example The value is to be recorded as $215,000 on the debit side, whereas $90,000 is to be credited. According to Jivraj, the customized computer should have been recorded as a miscellaneous expense, but the product, whether with resale value or not is an asset and thus a crediting of the assets account (computers) should have been emphasized by Juma. Additionally, depreciation was to be recorded by division of the total value by six years, as a straight line method was used to evaluate the value of the transaction. The value of the building should not be recorded both in terms of lower costs and fair value, but rather should be recorded as appreciation or depreciation in the capital gains account. Juma and Jivraj have widely varying ways to record these transactions. The transaction does not involve the exchange of cash and thus should not be recorded as three separate expenses which will be credited thrice. However, the total value is to be recorded in both accounts as $60,000. It can only be recorded in the accounts receivable accounts. Additionally, the amount should not be recorded as an amount received as Jivraj proposes, but rather a different approach should be recorded, such as the inclusion of the expense and recording it in the accounts payable as well. The written sales order should not be recorded according to Juma because there has been no exchange of cash. However, this transaction can be recorded as inventory for the computers. However, another approach that can be used is recording these transactions in the accounts receivables bracket. The main reason this is the case is due to the fact that the amount of cash has not exchanged hands and Jivraj records the amount as if it has already

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 55

Reflection - Essay Example Language is important resource which also serves as critical tool for disseminating information. Effectiveness of teaching and learning is indeed a constant effort which teachers apply by testing new approaches with learners. Thus methods of teaching need to be looked from new perspective of bonding with learners which can address their learning capabilities and make teaching and learning effective. I strongly agree with the writer that ELT has gradually lost its relevance as the basic purpose of ELT has been overridden by the researchers who believe that semantics of the language is more important. Language is important tool of communication and ELT becomes relevant for foreign students in English speaking nations. The fundamental aim of ELT was to ensure that foreign students were better equipped to assimilate within mainstream population and communicate effectively. But now ELT has evolved into important method of teaching to foreign students and become controversial as its theoretical aspects obstruct learners’ ability to communicate in the real world which actually defeats the very purpose of the language! Theories become effective only when their efficacy is tested in real world. Consequently, practice should be the basis of evolving theories. (words:

A Glorious Defeat Essay Example for Free

A Glorious Defeat Essay In this book, Timothy J. Henderson examines the origins, outcomes, and modern-day consequences of the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). A Glorious Defeat is organized around two central questions: why did Mexico go to war with the United States in 1846 and why did the war go so badly for Mexico? Henderson does provide the answers to these questions, based on the reader having some knowledge of the expansionist history that the US partook in with its southern neighbors, but who are â€Å"far less certain why Mexico went to war with the United States† (xviii). Henderson provides this book to as a means to correct the current Anglo-centric literature that circulates America, in which blames Mexico for its own losses â€Å"because they were proud to the point of delusion, arrogantly overestimating their own strength† (xviii). He states that it is fair and adequate to state that neither side of the battle is to blame, when in fact stemmed from the weakness of the Mexican nation, not by the aggressive nature of the US. The fact is Mexico was not the thriving and well established US; it was a meek and frail nation. The US, after the annexation of Texas, saw Mexico with the government’s bonds to the northern states and own political standings, as a challenge that can be devoured by the victorious nation. There was also Mexico’s own acknowledgement of its nations weakness that drove the political leaders to engage in a war with an obvious superior nation, in attempts to gain power and defend its honor. War with the United States gave Mexican leaders the opportunity to â€Å"indulge in the illusion† that the nation was not rent by economic, ethnic, and geographic divisions, but was insteadâ€Å" resolute and united against a foreign foe† (191). Henderson attempts to â€Å"understand Mexico’s weakness and how that weakness helped land it in a war with the United States,† relying heavily on evidence of Mexico’s disadvantages in comparison to the vitality and abundance of the United States (xix). In order to demonstrate the historical, demographic, and geographic weaknesses that hindered the Mexican nation from the beginning, Henderson contrasts the Mexican and US colonial legacies, ethnic compositions, routes to independence, and geographic landscapes. This methodology allows Henderson to move through complex histories at a fast, easy clip, while staying faithful to his organizing principles of Mexico’s inherent weaknesses and the United States’ inescapable victory. His explanation on the geographic landscape demonstrates the complications that Mexico faced with chasms and volcanic mountains and lack of natural features, such as rivers, to provide an easy transit. He also brings the similarities of the colonial connections between Mexico and the US. Yet due to Spain’s â€Å"medieval† influence empowered a Mexican elite who â€Å"clung† to the traditional rights, inherited privileges, and material inequalities that they believed were established by God and the church (4-5). The US, in contrast, was formed and led by men steeped in the theories of the Enlightenment and who favored reason, progress, change, individualism, merit, equality, and a just social contract. While literacy in the US grew and advanced improved the nation and brought them together, Mexico fought the boundaries of both class and race. â€Å"In Mexico there is not, nor is there a possibility of developing, a national spirit, because there is no nation† (12). The Indians in the United States, however, were â€Å"too scattered, weak, and unorganized to put up successful resistance, leaving them vulnerable to ruthlessly efficient extermination or relocation at the hands of whites† (5). With the Mexican mind set being the most present figure within this book, Henderson makes a psychological impact by describing the founders of the US republic as being â€Å"enlightened,† â€Å"liberal,’ and vigorous† and their politics â€Å"assertive† and â€Å"robust† (5, 12) with respect to the expansionist ideals. Where as Mexico and Mexicans are described in another light with references to a holocaust and â€Å"violent and traumatic.† Spaniards were â€Å"brutal and callous,† and Spanish law a â€Å"chaotic jumble† (7, 10, 13). As Henderson weaves the imagery of a very defenseless nation and the precognition of defeat and lose for Mexico, the political spectrum is placed into sight as he examines the encounter with Hidalgo and states the indigenous people were â€Å"indulg[ing] themselves in an orgy of looting, pillaging, murder and mutilation,’ forcing he stance towards independent Creoles like Hidalgo to â€Å"gaze into the maw of barbarism† (20). The images placed forth are very descriptive to create a savage stance, one based on no type of foundation to rely on and lack of morals to guide in the past events. It is no surprise to know how the Mexican nation was to be viewed in response to the Texas Revolution and the US invasion, but then again if there is any type of conflict even within the US, there is always going to be an altercation and one side that is left to feel threated, provoked, and aggression towards that entity. Flowing through the history, with Santa Anna leading Mexican troops against the Texas disaffiliation, the battle was fought with â€Å"vagabonds, Indians and criminals† to turn the tide in favor of Mexico, and again against the US roughly a decade later could be categorized as â€Å"ragged† (93, 106). Where is the difference in these categorizations and the gorilla tactics that the US has employed, I think the only difference is the US was more eager for battle and defense, where the Mexican nation was still in its finest hour of rejoice in figuring out the new nations formation. Many have stated Santa Anna as being a â€Å"tyrant† who you could say founded the gorilla ideology by demonstrating â€Å"brutality† and â€Å"cruelty† as he â€Å"slaughtered prisoners at the Alamo and engaged in other â€Å"butcheries† in response to the Anglo-American soldiers and settlers (92, 96, 97, 99, 101). But on the contrary, General Scott was â€Å"gifted in both the military arts and those of diplomacy† and â€Å"carefully cultivated the good will of the people† (168). Is this choice in words to further the animosity towards the US historical figures? In reading Henderson’s A Glorious Defeat, the views are as apparent as the title. You know you are expecting to encounter a novel that is from the Mexican standpoint. To sum up the entire book, Henderson himself put it exceptionally well. â€Å"Certainly it’s not hard to find examples of Mexican bluster and bellicosity, but the great irony and tragedy of the war is the fact that nearly all Mexicans in a position to make decisions realized full well that entering a war with the United States was folly and that Mexico’s loss was a foregone conclusion† (188). Doubtless to say, any novel with respect to one perspective, is going to have that bias projected upon the audience. I will mention, among this analysis of his work, I enjoyed the novel, due to usually hearing the typical US version of encounters; however, I believe this novel would have been made superior to the norm, by inviting the opposing council and having a mixed novel, kind of bringing the view o f a slave and the slave owner within the same realm. This would invite the ultimate view between both sides.

Study of Dialogue between Nurse and Pneumonia Patient

Study of Dialogue between Nurse and Pneumonia Patient My patient Mrs. S.K., is an 81 year old female. She was diagnosed with Pneumonia. Mrs. S.K. had been in the unit for almost three days prior to the dialogue. She reported not being ever diagnosed with any medical condition ever before. During the morning shift I went with my assigned nurse J to the clients Mrs. S.K room. She was lying in her bed awake. While given her medication, Nurse J mentioned to her that I was a nursing student from York University who would be shadowing her. I took this opportunity to introduce myself and asked her if it was okay with her. She nodded with a smile DIALOGUE: 1 Mrs. S.K was sitting in the chair and looking out through the window. Nurse: Nice view (pointing to the window), How are you doing? (I stood right beside her near the window) Mrs. S.K.: I am feeling much better now. Yesterday, even moving from bed to chair was very exhausting for me. I felt breathlessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Much better now. Nurse: Hummm, I listened attentively. When did you first notice any changes in your breathing? Mrs. S.K.: I was in U.S at family function. While I was reading our holy book and was almost on conclusion I found really hard to even recite the hymns. My son asked me to get myself checked, I just ignored. I wanted the ceremony to end smoothly without any interruption. Nurse: I nodded to convey I was listening Mrs. S.K.: The journey from U.S. airport to here (Toronto) was very hard. I was coughing constantly. I felt so much tightness in my chest. Nurse: I know how you would have felt. It is hard to go through all this. How did it feel being in such a situation? Mrs. S.K.: I was so anxious and fearful. I did not even know whether I will be able to catch my next breath (pause). I am grateful to God, my family is really caring. They immediately brought me to the hospital. Nurse: So, you have a really caring family. Mrs. S.K.: Yes,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦now I am a great grandmother (She smiled) Nurse: Wowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. I smiled back. (Someone knocked at the door, it was her relatives. I introduced myself to them).Your relatives are here, I am going to leave you with them for now so that you can spend some time with them. I will check on you later on. Is that okay with you? Mrs. S.K.: Noddedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Yes. Nurse: See you later Mrs. S.K. (With a smile and I left the room) CRITICAL REFLECTION Through this paper I will critically reflect on the dialogue that I had with my patient -Mrs. S.K, who was admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. In this paper, I will identify blocks to communication in the dialogue and will focus on integrating the principles of dialogue with the client-centered care (CCC) core processes. Prior to beginning the dialogue, my only intent was to know Mrs. S.K. better and to listen to her concerns if any so that I could better meet her needs. It hurts not to be listened to (Nichols, 1995).While critically reflecting on the dialogue I realized that actually I was making an effort to be build trusting relationship with her by giving her my undivided attention. Clients often wait to express their needs and concerns until the nurse gives them undivided attention (Messner, 1993). I initiated the discussion with open-ended question. I asked Mrs. S.K., How are you doing? As a result, she had a liberty to choose whatever she wished to reveal. I also attempted to carry the open-ended question throughout the conversation. I wanted Mrs. S.K. to feel that I was really interested to know more about her health issues or other concerns that impact her health. I think I went with the flow during the dialogue with Mrs. S.K. I did not interrupt in between when Mrs. S.K. talked about her concerns with breathing a day before and her visit to U.S. I followed her lead, listened attentively and patiently to her, as this is what she wanted to talk about. According to the human becoming theory, going with the flow is very crucial in order to recognize the ups and downs and the joys in the context of the clients situation (Parse, 1998). Also, keeping the client- centered care in my mind, most of the time I spoke with my client in her mother tongue that is Punjabi. This made her more comfortable and confident to express her true feelings and concerns. Validating was one of the blocks that were evident during the dialogue with the client. Though, I made proper eye contact with Mrs. S.K. and listened to her in a non-judgmental and caring manner, but I felt that if I would have sat at eye level with her during communication she would have felt even more comfortable. When Mrs. S.K. talked how hard her journey from U.S. airport back to Toronto due to illness, I validated her experience by saying I know how you would have felt. It is hard to go through all this. This is in total contrast to the CCC value of honesty. Each individuals meaning of a particular circumstance is totally unique. Therefore no one can really know or experience the same meaning as the other (Beitel, 1998). Also, when she showed her concern about feeling breathless yesterday, I could have asked her Tell me more about it. This would have helped me to seek depth and clarity about her concerns. Other then that I did not act on the need to do something to fix things my client, neither did I gave her false reassurance. As this was my very first experience of having a reflective dialogue with the client, it was a good learning experience for me. I realized the importance of a good dialogue in assessing the needs and concerns of the client. Openness, good eye contact and genuine interest in the client go a long way in building a caring relationship build on trust. In future dialogue, also I would focus on being truly present with the patient. I will ask open ended questions to get in depth insight about clients concerns. This would help me to better understand a situation from clients perspective. I will not validate clients emotions or experience. Instead I will listen to the patient with openness.

Innovation in Wine Packaging

Innovation in Wine Packaging Introduction With the different readings made, the researcher will intend to list or summarise a working bibliography. ‘The process of reviewing a literature involves making judgement about what to include and exclude from your literature review and then reading what other researchers have written about your subject and writing about it in a way that demonstrate you understanding. Writing the literature review for the dissertation will convey the researchers knowledge and ideas that have been established on the topic, and will be discussed. The literature review will be an essential tool, as this will indicate that the researcher has understandings of a field of study and their relevance for their inclusion. It connects the work to a greater field of knowledge and, in more immediate terms, it demonstrates the awareness bringing the work in a wider context. The researcher will also find an added benefit since some information about the subject will be found before starting the research work. This will bring the reader up to date with current literature on the topic, and framing the future research. The literature review will also influence the work as a foundation of research, identifying relevant and appropriate material. It should also inform and underpin the research, identifying the ‘gap that the researcher is attempting to address. The literature review will also help to position the work in the context of previous research and creating a ‘research space for this piece of work. (Hart:1998:14) The Theoretical Framework In competitive markets, companies must always seek to gain market share. The standardisation of brands and products often leads to higher productivity and lower production costs, and communication. With identical packages available on the shelves, the consumers can easily identify visual codes of brands, thus strengthening their identity and reputation worldwide.   Moreover, standardisation of lifestyles, driven by consumer mobility and the development of information technologies and communication, encourages the internationalisation and standardisation of products. Faced with globalisation and the saturation of some markets, the wineries are induced to expand internationally. However, managing brands internationally, and more specifically internationalisation of the packaging is far from being easy. Due to the saturated wine industry, it is more and more important to focus the wine industry on marketing strategy efforts toward the product and the consumer to maintain market share and sustain the wine customer attention. The Packaging This is a very important marketing promotion tool to attract customer, and is now regarded as an essential ‘P of the marketing mix. According to Hall and Mitchell (2007), the wine marketing mix decisions consist of the four Ps with an additional quartet of Packaging, People, Planning, and Positioning. Some studies have taken different approaches to the packaging as a marketing tool. Paine, Frank Albert has developed a definition of the packaging as: ‘The art, science and technology of preparing goods for market and sale'(1992:34) To add, further in his book, the author defines another kind of definition as: ‘Packaging is a means of ensuring safe delivery of a product to the ultimate user, in sound condition, at minimum overall cost'(1992:52) Packaging is well-known to be as a key element of the branding process as it communicates the brand equity of the company. According to Kotler (1999 : 28): ‘The package is the buyer first encounter with the product and is capable of turning the buyer on and off It can make the perceptions of qualities, reliabilities, and value in a product, as well as loyalty, confidence, and self-expression to the consumer (Aaker, 1996). We can make our conclusion about the packaging as a commercial activity. This is a crucial factor for companies in order to ensure the promotion of their product. The packaging will aim this communication of information. Through the brand, the packaging has become way of communicate messages to the consumers. ‘Packaging has actually gained in importance in the marketing mix as consumers closely scrutinize more products on the retail shelf before purchasing. (Brand Channel: 2009: August) ‘Packaging is taking on increasing significance and extending beyond the obvious necessity of providing for protection, transportation and storage. (Giles: 1994: 73) Trends And Future Of Wine Packaging It is interesting to note that the packaging of a product is the most ephemeral in the product life. Indeed, some companies must constantly adapt to trends and market developments. A company will prefer a change in the packaging rather than the product on its own, and this change will allow sales to grow in profitability. Therefore, we say that the packaging is a way to change media. Wineries are seeking to find a new way of attracting consumers, develop new relationships with the consumers and establish and sustain a strong brand equity that will stimulate the buying process. With the ‘general decline in consumption and a change in drinking habits; [†¦] from daily wine consumption towards more occasional drinking of higher-quality wine underpinned value growth (Datamonitor 2008:October:18), it is hardly surprising that the relationship between wine and packaging has attracted considerable attention in recent years. The packaging is particularly relevant in the decision-making process. In the field of the wine packaging, the shape of the packaging, the design, drawing and colour on the label is meant to attract the attention of the potential purchaser, differentiating the product from other competitors. It influences the majority of purchases made in large and medium-sized store, with consumers increasingly fickle and demanding. The International Journal of Wine Marketings article refers to the importance of the packaging in the wine industry suggesting that: ‘It reaches out beyond the point of purchase to make statements about its purchaser. (The International Journal of Wine Marketing: Thomas: 2000:12) Researchers Wine Intelligences latest quarterly Consumer Intelligence report confirms evidence that the wine is not important ‘choosing cues. The results of this survey indicates that proportions of consumers who consider the aspects of a wine as ‘top of mind cues when choosing which bottle of wine to buy would be the Grape variety (74%), Promotional offer (66%), Country of origin(63%), Glass colour (10%) and the bottle weight (7%). When consumers are willing to purchase wine, the decision making will involve asking themselves several questions including what type of wine it is, how much the wine is, and if the brand is known. These sources of information are important for consumers. The packaging is the media that the buyer will evaluate before purchasing the wine. Companies tend to simplify the decision making process, removing the grapes varieties and the vintage, and positioning the product within the reach of most mainstream consumer. Developing innovative wine packaging will be an investment making the brand distinctive, standing out on the shelves and simply trying to compete against existing products on the market. Therefore a focus of the packaging elements is the new strategy for these wineries, in terms of marketing efforts. The packaging is one of the tools in marketing for wineries to get the right picture about the business, and help the perception and positioning in the market place. A Bet On Innovation For Wine Industry The strategies of the company are not only to look to volume, but acting for the long term. Innovation has become essential for wineries wishing to take their brands to above preserve their margins and differentiate from competitors. A third of sales of consumer products are achieved with products that did not exist three years before. (J.J. Urvoy et S. Sanchez:2007: 135) The consumer demands are increasingly strong and we can notice the need for companies to generate new needs incentives to innovate through packaging. The wine packaging is facing a new trend of packaging, based on innovations becoming increasingly complex. Packaging innovation can drive wineries to access the premium product category. Packaging innovation can move your business from a commodity driven product into a premium product category. (JoAnn Hines: Australian institute of packaging) ‘Innovative packaginggas been a key feature of premium brands in the last decade (Datamonitor :2009) The convenient, practical, easy use and inexpensive packaging is obviously the most important factor with consumers when they purchase, however in the wine industry offer few possibilities. Therefore, even if innovation in packaging is one of the most important tasks in marketing, it is nevertheless one of the most difficult. Few innovations survive if they do meet a real consumer need. Thus, the packaging does have a role to play in innovation. A packaging, suitable for the use of the consumer and its expectations in term of packaging, will probably become the best retention tool.   Adapting The New Way Of Consuming: In order to be differentiated, wines seek to appeal and attract consumers. The key success to this packaging design revolution is to meet the consumers needs looking for trend. This is the case of the Maleta winery who decided to centre their marketing efforts on their packaging design. The winery has developed unique type of packaging for each wine, which aims to spoke directly to the target consumer according to a price range. ‘After auditing their winery, existing brand, competitors, and global beverage packaging design trends we decided on a strategy that would brand the wine, not the winery. (Jump Branding Design Inc:work:packaging:maletawinery) This is very important in the wine industry, as consumers identify the wine brands personality and create association with the wine quality. The popular and premium wine company Almadens brand manager said: ‘The brand personality of Almaden is at once fresh, contemporary, innovative and experienced [] We wanted our packaging to reflect these brand characteristics, while conveying Constellation Wines universal appeal as an everyday entertaining wine. (Business Wire:2003: May) Almaden Vineyards Innovates With New Bottle Packaging; Contemporary Look Maintains Brands Tradition Of Quality. Dealing with products that answer more and more to the consumers demand, the marketers are seeking sensory experiences. The act of buying now claims emotional, and beyond basic qualities of the product, the sight or grip of its packaging may influence the purchase decision. The packaging strategy will be to solicit the consumers five senses to awaken their interest and ensure their loyalty. The packaging actually will then stimulate more touch: Paper grain, gummed, plastic. Winemakers are now targeting to the new generation of consumer. Wine brings a new trend on socialisation. Young people are used to product innovation, it is the best target for the packaging innovation as they start to consider wine, yet the packaging was never fully orientated towards youth until recently. The new packaging is adding value to the wine, becoming a part of entertaining experience, bringing some new concepts to the everyday life. Many new offers start to appear, appealing new young consumer. ‘Wine is gaining greater acceptance across more segments of the drinking population, particularly amongst younger generation consumers just beginning to formulate their alcoholic drinks preferences. (Datamonitor 2008:October:19), Some examples can illustrate the wine industry needs to meet the consumers through innovative wine packaging. The market is then driven by the growing consumers demand for innovation. Now sober and minimalist packaging can be simple with a strong visual quality that invites the consumer to try. The shape, type, and drawing of the packaging attract the potential consumers attention, who will be distinguishing a specific wine bottle from competitors. In the other hand, consumer are expecting from the packaging a communication about: ‘The relevant and appropriate information about the quality of the wine, in some way replacing the salespersons action (International Journal Of Wine Marketing, 2005,Vol 18, 33-44) A survey made in 2008 reveals that for example in the UK, 39% of consumers feel that the design in packaging had a significant level of influence over their choice of purchases.(Datamonitor:2009: 12) Customers rely heavily on the design and labelling information such as region of origin, grape variety, and awards received. At the most general level, wine label designs tend to be described as either â€Å"traditional† or â€Å"modern/contemporary† (International Journal of Wine Business Research: 2007: vol 19: 170). For that reason, Wine producers and designers wineries innovate in term of packaging, in the view of satisfying the consumers wants and desires. The practical is one of the prime factors of choice in some markets as such, the household products.   The developments of ‘nomadism caused an increase in meals outside the home, standing and watching television. The breakdown of food and the search for gain time encourage consumers to buy packaging adapted to these new consumption habits. In a general overview, the time spent in food cooking is evaluating towards fresh produce and packaged ready to eat. The consumption pattern was individualised and therefore increase the snacking habits. All these changes have led to a proliferation of ready to eat, individual and transportable. The new lifestyles have involved a real change in the design of products. Therefore this has an impact on the image of packaging in general, since it multiplies the number of packages and thus increases the volume of waste. Some new wine packaging is more convenience in term of space. These new type of packaging can be more convenient to transport and non breakable. In that case the portability developed a new market of single serve package products, targeting a new ‘modern and fashion and socialization appeal that consumer are keen on. This new ‘single serve approach takes the wine consumption in a new way of dining or serving, keeping the wine industry with the luxury experience as looking for being chic, appropriate, convenient, accessible. (International Journal of Wine Marketing, 2005, Vol 18, 33-44). These innovations in smaller packaging ‘single-serve wine sizes permit to associate the wine consumption with new occasions. ‘The package on store shelf and in the consumers kitchen is a form of advertising which is attracting increasing design attention. (Giles: 1994:138) Many products are not hesitant about the misuse of codes reserved normally to other universes of products. Forms and graphics are involved in this transgression. This innovation is playing on the originality and fun to entertain, to differentiate and maintain market share. To illustrate this shift codes, winemakers like the Gallo Family Vineyards hasnt hesitate to bet on the uniqueness, that consumer is looking for. This is the case of their handbag style wine box for their White Grenache variety, the most famous rose wine in UK.   This bag in box has been designed in order to target a female audience. The packaging is the opportunity to develop one or more dimensions of the mark, being creative and offbeat. This type of packaging also now displays an originality and creativity overflowing marking the minds and pushed the traditional codes of bottling. Clever, transgression draws the eye and curiosity of the consumer. The aim of this new concept of packaging is to look outside the marketplace with new ideas that company could use for its own packaging. The uncommon packaging can also be a tool to provide added value to its packaging and affect the practicality of the product. The brand has to find his style and surprise the consumer, by promoting emotion without harming the product, so that it remains registered in his mind, the top of mind. The Eco-Friendly Wine Packaging Under the pressure of the increasingly environmentally conscious consumer, packaging must now be designed in logic of eco-environmental, performance, seducing consumers and reducing waste. We can also notice a new advertising argument, as being the wellness, pleasure, and authenticity with tradition. The media conveys massively the idea of a food and environmental crisis, which creates worries for the consumers. In supermarkets, we can see new innovative packaging. For example, the plastic cork or the screw caps. A new application is used for the wine packaging. Nowadays, the aim of the packaging isnt only to protect and sell. A new dimension of eco-packaging is rising. ‘Eco-packaging must do all that but also have minimal eco-impact, well be targeted, be a team player, plan for en of life, and plan for the next life. Jedlicka (2009: 8) Sustainable packaging is a strategic marketing move and Market forces are shaping the way of consuming. Products use to be made, consumed and then thrown away. Nowadays, products and their packages are remade for another kind of use, through a linear consumption, in a frame of new awareness of the purpose of what and how we chose to consumer. Not only the innovation of packaging will illustrate the product, but they it will also be communicate and talk about the packaging reduction efforts. ‘Now, along with information practices, not only can he consumer make an educated decision about the food they eat, but about the impact of that choice Jedlicka (2009:24). At first, we will define the term sustainability. Several definition and ideas have been used, however this is not a fully definition. The most adequate definition of sustainability is the definition bythe World Commission on Environment and Development. The commission suggests that sustainability should be defined as: ‘Forms of progress that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. (Brundtland Commission). For example the cork has been replaced by the screw and synthetic corks, and the bottle is slowly being replaced by new type of containers by winemakers. For instance, wineries created innovative packages for the introduction of the PET bottles, the bag-in-boxes varieties, the different versions of the TetraPaks, aluminium containers and even stand-up pouches. Those innovations on packaging are revolutionising the market of the wine industry. With a new vision as recyclable, unbreakable, lighter and visually attractive, the wine industry associate new bottles, with new packaging materials, new aspects, and new labels in order to attract new type of customer and even to target new type of niche markets. The wine industry found new eco-friendly environmental packaging option. Marketers offer to winemakers a new fresher brand with new positioning, using new packaging as a solution for a repositioning of their range of wine. An example is the new packaging from Astrapak; their benefits would be the convenient way of use and transporting, it is lightweight and sustainable. The demographics changes and consumption habits lead to use more packaging. Once products are consumed, they become waste. Faced with this increase of packaging waste, environmental issue are rise. Consumers are now concerned with the management of waste, including those due to packaging. Companies and marketers are aware of the challenges proposed by eco-design to the public. According Bethiness Laurence, director of trends and innovations of brands, it is also becoming ‘the new must-have packaging. (La revue des marques, 2008, 61, 48) A report also statute that the respondents has to give alternatives to glass bottles ‘37% indicates that they would be prepared to consider them. Plastic PET bottles and bag-in-box packaging had most consumer support. While the overwhelming majority, 63%, think all wine, however humble, should be packaged in glass bottles, when they were shown other forms of packaging, five out of six were neutral towards or indicated they were likely to buy at least one type of alternative packaging. (The Wine And Spirit Trade Association:2007) Therefore, companies are getting increasingly involved in the packaging industry, promoting not only the consumer economy, but also the biodegradation and recycling of materials. Eco-design is defined as ‘the improvement the ecological quality of a product according to Ademe (Bethiness, La revue des marques, 2008, 61, 49). This improvement requires action on several approaches: * The choice of materials when designing or improving packaging; * The type of energy required during the production phase, the distribution, transportation and management of end of life (recycling, re-use, composting); * The communication made about packaging itself, which does not happen often because companies are afraid of lose their credibility by highlighting their good will. Besides the commitment of industry, consumers must also be involved. Therefore, it would be beneficial for companies to communicate their actions and their results. ‘In food packaging, there is an unbalance between nutritional speech, too dominant, and the ecological speech, too discreet. (L. Wallentin,   La revue des marques, 2008, 61, .38) The consumer would be led to understand that packaging should not be regarded as a simple waste but as a real material to recycle. Consumer becoming more difficult, eating motif becoming knowledgeable in terms of their packaging choices and seem to be pushed towards alternative packaging. Creative solutions must be devised to provide pedagogically on packages to induce body movements such as the intelligent sorting. With this new type of packaging, companies have the benefit of new communication opportunities. ‘These innovations are helping us attract a new demographic and get people interested in wine with something other than the traditional presentation (Jean Charles Boisset :Beverage World: 2008: 56) ‘The innovative greener packaging is central to the positioning of new wines targeting a new type of drinker. The pack enhances both visibility and the financials. (Nigel Fordham: The new marketing packaging: Wildduck : 2008) The aluminium bottle is an innovation from wineries which produces the bottle using technology with pilfer-proof cap on the bottle to keep the quality of the wine without altering the taste or standard of the wine. The differentiation with the colour of the aluminium packaging makes the wine stand out on the shelf, increasing brand recognition among consumers, and in the same time, the safety and freshness. These criteria of selection are important to the consumers who see this type of wine ideal for outdoor use and to keep it longer by reducing oxidation from light penetration. With this type packaging, companies hope to attract a broad range of consumers due to his function, and also the visual appealing to the consumer. ‘Mommensin Beaujolais in an aluminium bottle.   This packaging is continually recyclable, screw cap, to make it re-sealable. The example of the Boisset Family estate is another illustration of breaking the rules in the wine industry. This burgundy estate is known for its vision of sustainability developing alternative packaging, generating a new mode of consumption. The use of PET bottles have 50 % lower carbon footprint than traditional glass wine bottles. It can be recycled continuously. For some cases, the innovation in packaging were entirely a new concept, giving a new life to the existing brand ‘ All of these innovations have helped us to transcend our traditional thinking of wine how to market wine, how to talk about wine and have really helped us to bring another dimension as far as how we look at wine itself and how we convey how to drink wine at the consumer level (Jean-Charles Boisset:Beverage Industry: 2008 :99:12) Both brands are examples of how establishing a point of difference with consumers through unique, stylish packaging can lead to success. One of the most seen new packaging on shelves of supermarket is the Tetra Prism. For example Boisset Family Estates, a family-owned producer and importer of fine wines based in Burgundy, France have launched ‘French Rabbit, a wine packed in octagonal. The owner of the winery says that new containers ‘are state-of-the-art packaging that will revolutionize the wine industry. The company also reinforces their communication about this innovative product with their message as ‘for every 4 French Rabbit wines sold, one tree is planted. French rabbit was the first premium wine in a tetrapak lunched in 2005. This new version of the Tetrapak is based on cartons, composed with 70% paper, which make this product more recyclable than glass, considering the significant decrease on weight. Another factor earth-friendly is the reducing of carbon from the transportation. ‘100% recyclable, Tetra-Prism containers reduce packaging by 90% in comparison to typical glass wine bottles. (French Rabbit wines: About the rabbit: Tetra Prism) This Chardonnay from the South of France is made in a Burgundian style; this Chardonnay is described as flavours of citrus and stone fruits, and presents a slogan ‘Savour the wine. Save the planet. (www.frenchrabbit.com) The use of paper cartons is not only the new type of innovation in term of packaging. Another container is coming on the market, the can, which gain more and more attraction. This use of packaging is not new in the market, however, new research have been made for wine, preserving qualities and freshness. This is the case of Barokes Australian Premium Wine, an Australian-based vineyard, which introduced in the market a process known as ‘Vinsafe. This innovation guarantees the longevity of the wine in the can. (www.wineinacan.com) The American Neibaum-Coppola Winery is using the same concept with Sophia Minis, which brings to the wine more sophisticated style. This Sofia Blanc de Blancs Sparkling Wine Minis is targeting for example the new young consumer, trendy and looking for fashion. (www.franciscoppolawinery.com) The bag in box (BIB). Even if this type of packaging is seen as cheap wine, and do not contain premium brands, the consumer can still get quality wine. ‘The quality of bag in box wine has improved tremendously in recent years. But the perception of the consumer is very different said professional wine taster Susan Hulme, from the Association of Wine Educators. (Reuters: 2007) The example is Blackstone Black Box Merlot which quickly moved from the low category of wine to the premium box revolution. The benefit of this packaging is the freshness that can stay up to 3 weeks after opening. Wine in flexible pouches is known to have 80% less of a carbon emission than wine bottles. The Company of Versus wine is pushing its product to the European. The consumer can see benefit though these pouches as the convenience of transport and storage. The wine is said to remain fresh up to 1 month. Nowadays the marketers in the wine industry are pushing further the new way of packaging strategies both cheaper and greener. The aim of the companies creating this type of packaging in to reduce, recycle and renew. Some research have been made on the field of packaging, including wine packaging, creating use packaging always more efficient. The scientific and technological advances in the field of wine packaging pursue objectives: the satisfaction with the taste and quality of product, convenience, health, and safety, increasing sophistication and intelligent packaging cue. However the only gap that we can find in literature between this mainstream success for these new packaging is perception from the consumers. We found some lack of information on the wine buyer‘s perception on the value of sustainable packaging. The Research Process The Questionnaire Design The purpose of this study is to elicit the methodology adopted achieved using an exploratory study on consumers perception of sustainable wine packaging. The primary purpose of the researcher is to use exploratory research to provide insights and understanding into the study in a preliminary way. As the observation and the limited number of respondents will influence the direction of the study, this research will not attend to provide a precise answer but estimate one. Therefore the research will find a greater interest in using this type of research and does not have specific assumptions concerning the survey problem. A questionnaire had to be completed by wine consumers, wine makers, wine shop owners, and retailers of France, Italy and England. The research was designed to present the relevant dimensions that consumers take into account with regards to wine packaging, what they perceive and describe comparing different type of wine packaging. The type of survey method chosen has been structured questions, where the researcher will have to explore the participants response to the topic. The study has targeted consumers between 20 and 60 years old from European countries. The questionnaire method chosen as its application, coding, analyzing and interpretation of the data are rather simple. Respondents have been limited to choose from a set of alternatives, the results are reliable. However following the attitude measuring questions, respondents could give unconscious answers. (Malhotra 2004) In order to allow respondents to easily express their perceptions, therefore avoiding suggested answers a repertory grid (RGT) approach was followed. The RGT technique of interview is used to illustrate peoples description. The RGT allows respondents to freely express their opinions and the researcher to avoid bias. In fact, the researcher will simply submit the possible choice that could help the respondent to express themselves in depth. Finally an RGT technique is relevant according to their approach in consumer behaviour studies as it elicits the different perceptions by the respondent who is asked to identify one of the alternative wine packaging. In order to complete this survey, the questionnaire was composed of four main groups of questions. First of all the researcher categorized the questions on the consumers knowledge of wine packaging, their attitudes and behaviour toward this type of drink, whether they bought wine or not, and the perceived influences they could expect of their buying behaviour from their relatives, followed by other questions such as their shopping behaviour and frequency of purchase. The questionnaire contained questions on age, gender, education, and being a wine consumer. There were also questions about the importance of the environment. To test their knowledge of sustainable wine packaging, the respondents have been asked to tell if they knew what s

Puberty Essay -- Human Development Papers

Puberty Let's talk about puberty. What is the first thing that comes into our minds when we say puberty? Well, sex is the most common thought that pops out from the head of many people. But there is much more than sex to puberty. Puberty is a very unique and important evolving stage of all males and females. During puberty, guys and girls go through many changes that we might find funny, scary and weird. During puberty, the level of testosterone and estrogen in both boys and girls increases greatly. The rapid increase of testosterone and estrogen is what triggers the beginning of puberty. Now lets give the changes that boys and girls experience during puberty. During puberty, some changes happen only to girls, and some happen only to boys. What type of changes can are expected to happen to girls? First of all, the girl's breasts will begin to grow and get fuller. Sometimes, one breast may grow faster than the other. Some girls' breasts grow more rapidly than other girl's. Some girls' breasts remain small throughout their adult lives. Also during puberty, the girl...

Present Provoking Past :: Free Essay Writer

Present Provoking Past â€Å"Analyze a characters’ response to the past as a source of meaning in a work† â€Å" . . . the past, no matter what it was like, never becomes a matter of indifference to the present.† In One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Alexander Solzhenitsyn portrays one normal day in the life of Shukhov (Ivan Denisovich), a Russian peasant unfairly confined in one of Stalin’s forced labor camps for political prisoners. Throughout the novel, Solzhenitsyn depicts how Shukhov has adapted to his surroundings and has been able to survive with a dignity other prisoners have lost throughout their confinement. It is exactly the way Shukhov has been able to live and survive in prison, that reveals how he has responded to his past, even when all the author reveals to the reader is the characters’ immediate present. Shukhov responded to his past by clinging to aspects of his â€Å"previous life† which allowed him to maintain his humanity, and thus survive, and by letting go of those which didn’t. Many critics argue that imprisonment robs individuals of their humanity for, in order to survive, they grow accustomed to their harsh life and loose basic human responses. Solzhenitsyn however, proves through Shukhov, that even within confinement, where prisoners are robbed of every kind of possession, freedom and humanity can still exist within. What aspects then, does Shukhov hold on to, and which ones does he let go of in order to survive? First of all, it is very important to clarify that survival in the novel is very relative. Surviving for some of the prisoners is merely enduring life, no matter the cost, such as for Fetiukov who stoops even to collecting other prisoners’ left over cigarette buds, even though he puts himself in danger of catching a syphilitic lip. For Shukhov however, surviving goes far beyond making it alive. Shukhov shares Kuziomin’s same belief that those who lick other men's leftovers, those who count on the doctors to pull them through, and those who squeal on their buddies don’t make it, for it’s at the expense of not just other people’s blood, but at the expense of loss of self-value, of self-worth. Thus, for Shukhov, surviving is going on living, while maintaining his freedom and humanity, even in an environment which has total control over him. As consequence, the most important thing that Shukhov holds on to is his intrinsic code of values and morals.

The Ministers Black Veil Essays -- Literature, Hawthorne

In Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Minister's Black Veil," Mr. Hooper, a Reverend in the town of Milford, surprises his parishioners by donning a conspicuous black veil one Sunday. The town is visibly spooked, yet still curious, about his eerie appearance and profoundly affected by his sermon on secret sin. "A subtle power was breathed into his words. Each member of the congregation, the most innocent girl, and the man of hardened breast, felt as if the preacher had crept upon them, behind his awful veil, and discovered their hoarded iniquity of deed or thought" (2432). The parishioner's expect that Hooper will only don the veil for one day and then remove it, having used the visage to make his point on secret sin, but they are taken aback to find that he does not remove the veil after that sunday, but in fact, ultimately wears it until his death. The town begins to gossip about why the Parson wears the crepe, questioning his purity and straying away from his person. When the Parson's i ntended, Elizabeth, asks him to do away with his foolishness and remove the veil, he sadly refuses, and Elizabeth reluctantly leaves him. The story concludes as the Parson dies, isolated by his choice to wear the veil with only the dying and the dead taking comfort in his presence, proclaiming that on each face he sees a black veil. In "The Minister's Black Veil," Nathaniel Hawthorne seeks to showcase the flaws of a society in which its members wear and create false facades by illustrating how it separates and alienates the individual from society, peers, reality, and spirituality. In The Minister's Black Veil, Parson Hooper uses his black veil as a way to represent an individual verses their hidden sin. He sees each member of his community as havi... ...o despise the veil are warranted in their dislike, because it is unnatural, shocking, and sudden. For them to react any other way would be odd. All but Elizabeth fail to ask him to remove the veil as well as the deeper meaning behind it. Sow could they expect him to yield to demands they themselves never voiced? Perhaps if the veil bothered his parishioners so greatly, they would have become more proactive in revealing their secret sins and thus relieved the Parson of his burden. Neither side is per say 'right', but it is important to note that the Parson acted out of desire to help the parishioners while the parishioners didn't truly act at all. Works Cited Lauter, Paul, Richard Yarborough, and John Alberti. "The Minister's Black Veil." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Vol. B. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Pub., 2009. 2431-439. Print.

The Impacts of Cyber Bullying

Kids all over the world have easy access to phones, computers, and other electronic devices, making it easier for kids to become vulnerable to online bullying. As a 2003-04 survey by Org indicates, 42% of kids have been bullied while online and 58% have not told their parents or an adult about something mean or hurtful that happened to them online. Kids are increasingly becoming victims of cyber bullying, causing lowered self esteem, mental health Issues, and In severe cases can trigger suicidal tendencies.Anyone is susceptible to cyber bullying and with social networking sites, like Faceable, on the rise; the need to fit in can take a toll on us mentally. According to Claudia Schwartz, a marriage and family therapist, â€Å"teens who spend a lot of time on the social networking website – and who already have low- self esteem- are vulnerable to Faceable Depression. † Reading negative comments and constantly make comparisons with others on Faceable can cause a downward s piral fast. Schwartz says, â€Å"Parents need to help teens understand that Faceable Depression Is a serious problem. She urges parents to manage their kids' time online, so it doesn't affect other things such as school or homework. Depression can come in all types of forms; recognizing the signs in others and one's self can greatly make an impact on the society as a whole. Apart from mental health Issues, cyber bullying has been known to cause suicidal tendencies. One notable Incident was that of Phoebe Prince, a 15 year old girl who hung herself due to months of torment by students at South Hadley High School. Kids would torment Prince through text message and through the social networking site, Faceable.Like Prince, many teens around the world have thought or resorted to suicide, because they felt there was no other outlet; they felt that's what their bullies wanted them to do. One of the seaways to stop cyber bullying Is to talk about It. Talk to friends, parents, and teachers, someone you feel you can trust. Kids who are being bullied don't have to just take it. Technology should be used to help you ace an English essay, to interact with friends and family, or even to play the latest video game. Put a stop to cyber bullying by not becoming one. Sanely 7 February 2012 Works Citied â€Å"cyber sullying: statistics and Tips.

The Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations

The Charles the Tempter Great Expectations, a fable released in 1861 about social review, is a spirit level of a young boy named mop who was in struggle to find his band or to be successful preferably than to be confined on universe a familiar human bes of his time. The novel was set in the mid-nineteenth century and took spatial relation in the town of Kent and Lon don, England. Using the jump person point of view, photograph, the protagonist in the novel talked about his childhood in the first few chapters of the book, describing his life, the first see to it with the convict who allowing soon changed his passel in the quest chapters.He also mentioned the phylogeny of his fascination and later on screw for Estella, who was trained to break a mans heart. Un kindred the conventional the traditional novels and falsehood structure, the novel of Dickens does not contain a particular antagonist, rather, he visualized some stack who pass on affect the existence o f dash. He make several(prenominal) constituents who took charge of the antagonism in the novel in the person of Magwitch, Estella, Orlick, turn a loss Havisham, Compeyson and Bentley Drummle. They will cause some of gains misfortune and struggles.Magwitch, Miss Havisham and Estella, in the closedown of the novel redeemed themselves and conciliate with collide with (Dickens, n. pag). The novel set upd many symbols which were explained done the actions of the characters. The clocks which were break danceped in the house of Miss Havisham symbolize her attempt to stop time darn the other objects like handcuffs, convicts, file and chains stands for guilt and innocence. Joe, the husband of come tos sister is the conscience and loyalty. These symbols helped the protagonist to further develop his character (Philips & Cheng, n.pag).In mixed tones of cheerfulness, dramatic and sympathetic storytelling, Pip showed what his life was all about, what happened to him and what happen ed to his thirst of being trained as a military man in the world wherein common people werent enough to be respect and treated fairly. Although the novel talked about several crimes and dealt with such criminality, these made Pip a person of oftentimes desire. The novel cease when they failed to help Magwitch escape from being imprisoned, following his death.Miss Havisham was redeemed in the end while Estella and Pip were reconciled with apiece other. Pip had reconciliation with Joe also and the story end with Pip and Estella walked hand in hand and promised never to part again (Dickens, n. pag). It is rather interesting that Charles Dickens worked on two terminations for this novel. The natural writer have a fix idea or story in mind thus, any criticism will not prevent him from publication what he does like. In this case, Charles Dickens was influenced by what the people might think of the novel.Instead of vainglorious the readers a tragic and sad death, he ventured in to following the suggestion of his good colleague Edward Bulwer to ingest a happy end point so that he people will be happy with what happened between the characters. piece of music his critics sight that the ending published was slight of reality, the people who embraced the happy ending the authoritative ending was too harsh and thought that their past is actually a duad for them to be together in the end of the novel. They pointed out that their experiences would lead them into mutual schooling and soon will help two to realize that they were in love with each other (Philips & Cheng, n.pag).The second ending were Estella and Pip reconciled and walked away holding reach was the one published because of Dickens desire to in some way please his readers while the professional ending was left hanging and was not employ to simplyify the ending of the story. interchangeable the critics of Charles Dickens Great Expectations, I go in favor with them that the ending used was not appropriate and that it does depict reality. It is sort of impossible that after what happened between him and Estella, he would re chief(prenominal) to love her despite of her being that girl who broke his heart.The original ending is far more considerate and naturalistic in the sense that in life, it is kinda impossible to retain the love you olfactory property for the person after going by so many troubles somehow caused by the same person. Also, the difference in their stead and the way they were raised is a actually big factor why they should not be brought back together. The way that Estella judged Pip because of his status and the fact that he is just a common person, is enough attest that the two will not be compatible with one another.In the end, their reunion and reconciliation with each other did not prepare a better look of reality and it also did not simply support a better justification with the perch expectations which Pip had. The ending also foreshado wed the main idea of having a fair and fitting ending. It also shows that those people who have meet us can be assumption a chance to hurt us more for the second time. Although I dont really criticize the ending of the novel, I would just want to give an opinion regarding the reality that the book should have.Although it was an narration fiction, it should still have a breath of reality in it so that it will be more convincing. Analyzing the background of twain Pip and Estella, there was really no hint that the latter will fall in love with the former and that their common pasts of being deceive and fooled does not liberate the reason that they became compatible with it. In the end, whether it was a bad ending or a favored ending, the novel brought realization and many teachings to the readers thus, it opens the mind of a person and it somehow touches the heart of someone who gives too much attention of their life expectations.